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It uses a five-line staff and the placement of notes that indicate pitch and duration. This style of musical notation originated from the European classical music tradition and now commonly in use to represent a wide variety of music. This row in the tables above shows the range of notes in Octave Correspondence - Middle C and Above **A 0 is the lowest note on a standard 88-key piano keyboard and is Piano Key #1. For description of the rows in these tables, scroll down below the tables. These tables show how IPN lines up with various other systems for naming the notes.
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The note an octave below C 0 is written C -1, and the next lower octave is written C -2, etcetera.Ĭ 4 in IPN corresponds to middle C on a piano. These may also be written in various publications as: C(2), F #(3), B b(4), C, F #, B b, or C2, F #3, and B b4. IPN set the standard of using 440 Hertz as the reference frequency for the note A 4.Īre followed by an octave number. IPN is a note-octave notation termed “Scientific Pitch Notation” in the original proposal by the Acoustical Society of America ( ) and now commonly called “International Pitch Notation”. International Pitch Notationįlutopedia uses International Pitch Notation (IPN) when talking about musical notes. This page gives the correspondence between these various systems of notating the octave for a particular note.
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Some of these systems use the format of note name (such as “C” or “F #” or “B b”) followed by an octave indication, and are generally called note-octave systems. Some of these systems are in current use, and some appear in the historical references cited on Flutopedia. Hardware instruments in current production which support MTS include: Dave Smith Instruments (DSI) Rev-2, Prophet-12, Prophet-6, Oberheim OB-6, Moog Sub37, Minitaur, Novation Bass Station II, Peak, Sonoclast Plastic Pitch Plus, and the Waldorf Kyra.There are many systems in use to indicate the octave for a particular note.
#Midi note number software#
Software plugin instruments which support MTS include Native Instruments FM8, Synthogy Ivory, and Xen-Arts' various xenharmonic VSTi plugins, including the FMTS FM synthesizer, Ivor virtual analog synthesizer, and XenFont SoundFont sample player. Software which supports MTS includes Scala, TiMidity++, ZynAddSubFX and FluidSynth. The precision pitch values may be used in microtonal music, just intonation, meantone temperament, or other alternative tunings. These parts are exactly 100/16384 cents (approximately 0.0061 cents) in size, which is far below the threshold of human pitch perception and which therefore allows a very accurate representation of pitch. This higher resolution allows a logarithmic representation of pitch in which the semitone is divided into 128 2 = 2 14 = 16384 parts, which means the octave is divided into 196608 (logarithmically) equal parts. Effective resolution = 100 cents / 2 14 =. The next two bytes (14 bits) specify the fraction of 100 cents above the semitone at which the frequency lies. The first byte of the frequency data word specifies the highest equal-tempered semitone not exceeding the frequency. The frequency range starts at MIDI note 0, C = 8.1758 Hz, and extends above MIDI note 127, G = 12543.854 Hz. "Frequency data shall be defined in which are fractions of a semitone. The frequency data format allows for the precise notation of frequencies that differ from equal temperament. If ƒ is a frequency, then the corresponding frequency data value d may be computed byĭ = 69 + 12 log 2 ( f 440 H z ).